TOEFL itself comes in two versions. TOEFL ITP is paper-based, with only 3 sections (listening, structure, reading), no speaking or writing, and is usually used for internal campus purposes or local requirements, not for applying abroad. TOEFL iBT is fully computer-based, with all 4 sections including speaking, which is recorded through a microphone, and this is the version recognized internationally.
TOEFL leans toward an American English accent. IELTS comes in paper-based and computer-based formats, with a mix of British, Australian, and American accents, and its speaking section is still done face-to-face with an examiner.
Scoring also differs: TOEFL ITP uses a 310-677 scale, TOEFL iBT uses a 0-120 scale, and IELTS uses a band scale of 0-9 in increments of 0.5. TOEFL iBT is more common for academic purposes in the US, while IELTS is more widely accepted in the UK, Australia, Canada, and is also used for immigration purposes. TOEFL iBT and IELTS are valid for 2 years from the test date, while TOEFL ITP depends on the policy of the institution requesting it.